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|family = R-7 |derivatives = Soyuz-U Soyuz-U2 Soyuz-FG Soyuz-2 |status = Retired |sites = Baikonur Sites 1/5 & 31/6 |launches = 30 |success = 28 |fail = 2 |first = 28 November 1966 |last = 24 May 1975 |payloads = Soyuz |stagedata = }} The Soyuz ((ロシア語:Союз), meaning "union", GRAU index 11A511) was a 1960s Soviet expendable carrier rocket designed by OKB-1 and manufactured by State Aviation Plant No. 1 in Kuybyshev, Soviet Union. It was used to launch Soyuz spacecraft as part of the Soyuz programme, initially on unmanned test flights, followed by the first 19 manned launches of the programme. It can also be used for ballistic missiles. The 11A511 first flew in 1966, and was derived from the Voskhod 11A57 rocket, but introduced a new, uprated core stage and strap-ons, which became standard for all R-7 derived launch vehicles to replace the numerous older variants in use on the 8A92, 11A57, and 8K78M.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Soyuz" - series launch vehicles )〕 it was a member of the R-7 family of rockets. It was a two-stage rocket, with four liquid-fuelled strap-on boosters clustered around the first stage, with a Block I second stage. The aborted Soyuz 18-1 launch in 1975 was the final manned flight of the 11A511 and as it occurred shortly before the ASTP mission, the United States requested that the Soviets provide details about this failure. They stated that Soyuz 19 would be using a newer model of booster (i.e. the 11A511U) and Soyuz 18-1's malfunction had no bearing on it. Soyuz rockets were assembled horizontally in the MIK Building at the launch site. The rocket was then rolled out, and erected on the launch pad. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Soyuz (rocket)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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